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BASIC FACTS
The Czech Republic is situated approximately in the geographical center of Europe and has an area of 78,866 sq. km. It is a landlocked country 326 km from the Baltic and 322 km from the Adriatic. The highest point of elevation is the peak of Mt. Snezka (1,602 m above sea level).
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FACTS AND DATA
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Area:
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78.886 sq.km
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Capital:
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Prague (Praha) - Population: 1.213.800
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Population:
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10.304.302
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Population density:
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131 inhabitants/sq.km
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Time Zone:
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Central European Time (CET)
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Political System:
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parliamentary democracy
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Currency:
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Koruna - Czech crown (CZK) / 1 USD = app. 36 CZK
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BASIC HISTORICAL OUTLINE
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End of the 5th and beginning of the 6th century - arrival of Slavs in present-day Moravia and Slovakia
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Second half of the 9th century - arrival of Christian missionaries
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9th century - 1306 a gradual strengthening of the Czech state during the reign of the Premyslid dynasty
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1346-1378 - the peak in the prestige and power of the kingdom of Bohemia during the reign of Charles IV
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Beginning of the 15th century - a crisis of state leads to the Hussite movement
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1526 - the Habsburg dynasty succeeds to the throne of Bohemia - the formation of a multi-national empire
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1620 - the defeat of the Bohemian Estates at the Battle of White Mountain, continued centralization of the Habsburg Empire
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28.10.1918 - foundation of an independent state of Czechs and Slovaks
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15.3.1939 - 9.5.1945 - German occupation
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February 1948 - Communist takeover
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August 1968 - Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact countries brings an end to the "Prague Spring" and the Communist Party's attempt to build "Socialism with a human face"
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November 1989 - fall of the Communist regime
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1.1. 1993 Czech Republic founded after the peaceful split of Czechoslovakia
COUNTRY
Topography
The divide between the two principal mountain systems in Europe - the Hercynian and Alpine-Himalayan - runs throuph Czech teritory. The country's topography is therefore quite varied: plains (4,5% of the country), hills (50,1%), highlands (33,9%) and mountains (11,6%).
PRINCIPAL MOUNTAIN RANGES
Krkonose (Giant Mountains)
The Krkonoše range stretches 40km into Bohemian territory, creating a natural border between the Czech Republic and Poland, and is the Czech Republic´s highest mountain range.
Hruby Jesenik (Ash Mountains)
The Hrubý Jeseník is the second highest mountain range in the Czech Republic. Located in northern Moravia, this range is similar in character to the Krkonoše.
Sumava (Bohemian Forest)
The third highest mountain range in the Czech Republic extends 125 km into south-western Bohemia from the border and creates a natural boundary with Germany. On the German side it becomes The Bavarian Forest National Park.
Beskydy
The Morava-Silesian Beskydy Mountains are situated in the eastern part of the Czech Republic in northern Moravia. The area shares borders with Poland to the north and with the Slovak Republic to the east. The Beskydy Mountains are part of a frontier mountain range that runs from north to south, with the highest points over 1000 m above sea level.
CLIMATE
The Czech Republic lies in the temperate climate zone of Europe, which makes for pleasantly mild summers and winters with only moderate amounts of precipitation.
PRAGUE
The attractiveness of Prague lies in the breadth and diversity of its offerings. The ordinary tourist is fascinated and forever captivated by the unique atmosphere of the city, which has been called the "heart of Europe" for ages. Among the most fascinating places are the "genius loci" of the inner historical parts of Prague - Hradcany (the Prague Castle)
, the Lesser Town (Mala Strana) and the Old Town (Stare Mesto). These areas, which virtually amount to small unique cities within the larger city have their own particular features. Hradcany, the large-scale, historically rich complex, has been the residence and symbol of Czech statehood for centuries. The grandiose Gothic St. Vitus Cathedral, dominates the Lesser Town roofs and offers a beautiful view of dozens of Old Town towers. Charles Bridge, the oldest stone bridge in Central Europe, connects the two historic sites of the city. Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and especially in the Old Town - Art Nouveau, cubism and modern styles from the beginning of the century from a unique aesthetic unit.
more net-info:
Prague from A-Z
About Prague
CLIMBING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Unique sandstone rocks offering varying degrees of scaling difficulty (more that 1.000 seperate rock towers) are situated in the Cesky raj, near Decin and Adrspach at Broumov.
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